Rain falls from dense, continuous clouds, called 'stratiform' clouds. The region on the lee side sheltered side of a mountain range where rainfall is much less than on the windward side. For example, Canterbury lies in the lee of the Southern Alps. An elongated area of high atmospheric pressure that is associated with an anticyclone.
Sometimes referred to as a 'ridge of high pressure'. The temperature of the water's surface. It is usually measured using buoys, ship data, and satellites. Precipitation from individual clouds, often characterised by the sudden beginning or ending. Showers fall from 'lumpy looking', 'cauliflower' clouds, called 'cumuloform' clouds. Showers can consist of liquid water, ice hail , or snow, or a mixture.
Frozen precipitation in the form of translucent ice crystals in a complex branched hexagonal form. An index used to monitor the state of the Southern Oscillation.
These two stations give a good approximation of the pressure pattern across the Pacific Ocean on the longer time frames of a month or more. This season is characterised by enhanced westerly winds over New Zealand. At present this refers to the period In the year , the standard 30 year normal period will roll over to , and so on. A standard 'normal' period is chosen to ensure that calculations of climate averages the 'normals' are calculated on a consistent period. A 30 year period is considered long enough to calculate a representative average, and to reduce the impact that one-off, very extreme events i.
The most recent 30 year period is always used. This season is characterised by an increase in temperatures to the late summer maximum in many places in New Zealand. The temperature of the ambient air at the surface of the earth. This is usually measured in degrees Celsius in New Zealand, and is measured by a thermometer. The thermometer is normally housed in a wooden louvered screen called a Stevenson screen, at a height of approximately 1. This screen allows air to flow through the thermometer enclosure, so that a representative temperature reading is made.
Air that originates in the tropics or subtropics. When a tropical air mass lies over the country, it is often very warm and humid. An intense storm that originates in the tropics, forming in a single, warm airmass. It has a very low central pressure, an 'eye' the area with the lowest pressure, and relatively calm winds , and an 'eye-wall' a ring of very active thunderstorms around the eye. When the winds around the tropical cyclone reach gale force greater than 34 knots , the storm is named.
An elongated area of low atmospheric pressure that is associated with a cyclone, or low. Sometimes referred to as a 'trough of low pressure'. Also called the hydrological cycle, it is the vertical transport of water in all its states between the earth, atmosphere and the oceans.
The state of the atmosphere at a specific time. Melting glaciers and ice sheets, as well as expansion of seawater as it warms, have contributed to unprecedented sea level rise. Sea level rises at about 2. Increasing temperatures can change the climate impacts and even the classification of a region. For instance, low-lying islands may be flooded as seawater rises. Heat in the atmosphere may increase the interaction of diverse weather systems.
Unusually arid climates in a semiarid region may prolong droughts, for instance. In regions with mild climates, the increased atmospheric moisture associated with humid climates may increase the likelihood of hurricanes and typhoons. Climate change is also impacting organisms and species range.
Organisms that have adapted to one climate may have to migrate or adapt to warmer temperatures. Manatees, for instance, are marine mammals native to tropical waters.
Polar bear populations, on the other hand, are venturing farther south as Arctic sea ice becomes more scarce. Climate change can be mitigated through reducing greenhouse- gas emissions. This can mean investing in new technologies, relying more on renewable energy sources, making older equipment more energy-efficient, or changing consumer behavior. The coldest temperature ever recorded at ground level on Earth— Also called Ancestral Puebloans.
Also called a subarctic or tundra climate. Continental climates are only found in the Northern Hemisphere. Gas molecules are in constant, random motion. Also called a warm summer climate. Hurricanes are the same thing as typhoons, but usually located in the Atlantic Ocean region. Also known as the Monsoon Zone. Monsoon usually refers to the winds of the Indian Ocean and South Asia, which often bring heavy rains. Regions are the basic units of geography.
The current sea level rise is 1. Range also refers to the geographic distribution of a particular species. Also called a boreal or tundra climate. Also called lithospheric plate. Also called a rain forest climate. Typhoons are the same thing as hurricanes, but usually located in the Pacific or Indian Ocean region. Also called a humid continental climate. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit.
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You cannot download interactives. Climate describes the average weather conditions of a particular place over a 30 year period. All places on earth have their own climates. Different from weather events, which are short-term and temporary phenomenon, climates are usually steady and predictable, and shape how organisms and human civilizations evolve and adapt in any given region.
However, climates are not always permanent, and can change drastically due to human activity. Explore the world's climates and how they affect local regions and the planet with this curated collection of resources. Weathering is the process of the weakening and breakdown of rocks, metals, and manmade objects. There are two main types of weathering: chemical and physical. An example of chemical weathering is acid rain. Caused mostly by the burning of fossil fuels, acid rain is a form of precipitation with high levels of sulfuric acid, which can cause erosion in the materials in which it comes in contact.
An example of physical weathering is wind blowing across the desert playas. This process causes rocks to form a specific pyramid-like shape and they are called ventifacts. Select from these resources to teach about the process of weathering in your classroom.
A biome is an area classified according to the species that live in that location. Temperature range, soil type, and the amount of light and water are unique to a particular place and form the niches for specific species allowing scientists to define the biome. However, scientists disagree on how many biomes exist. Some count six forest, grassland, freshwater, marine, desert, and tundra , others eight separating two types of forests and adding tropical savannah , and still others are more specific and count as many as 11 biomes.
Use these resources to teach middle school students about biomes around the world. An abiotic factor is a non-living part of an ecosystem that shapes its environment. In a terrestrial ecosystem, examples might include temperature, light, and water. In a marine ecosystem, abiotic factors would include salinity and ocean currents. Abiotic and biotic factors work together to create a unique ecosystem. Learn more about abiotic factors with this curated resource collection. Mesopotamia is thought to be one of the places where early civilization developed.
It is a historic region of West Asia within the Tigris-Euphrates river system. In fact, the word Mesopotamia means "between rivers" in Greek. Home to the ancient civilizations of Sumer, Assyria, and Babylonia these peoples are credited with influencing mathematics and astronomy. Use these classroom resources to help your students develop a better understanding of the cradle of civilization. The weather you encounter day to day depends on where you live. Places around the Equator experience warm weather all year round, but experience alternate periods of rainy and dry seasons.
Places near lakes may experience more snow in the winter, whereas places on continental plains may be more prone to hail, thunderstorms, and tornados in the summer.
Learn more about regional climates with this curated resource collection. Climate change is a long-term shift in global or regional climate patterns. Often climate change refers specifically to the rise in global temperatures from the midth century to present.
Often climate change refers specifically to the rise in global temperatures from the mid 20th century to present. Climate change is changing the way we interact with our environments. With a changing climate come potential consequences for life on Earth.
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Article Vocabulary. Climate influences the vegetation of a region. Photograph by Paul Nicklen, National Geographic.
A climograph depicts the highs and lows of temperature and precipitation over a set period of time. Geographic Perspective. British geographer Andrew John Herbertson described climate like this: "Climate is what we expect, weather is what we get. Fossil fuels formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals. Also known as an ice age.
Great Lakes. Industrial Revolution. Little Ice Age. Mediterranean climate. Abkhazia has a wonderful subtropical region with an average of 60o F and a January average of 40oF. It also has a mountainous region which is cold and summerless.
There are high amounts of precipitation throughout the whole of Abkhazia. A pattern of weather an area experiences on a year-to-year basis is called climate. Climate varies from region to region but is usually consistent from year to year. The long-term weather conditions for a given location is called the climate. The weather pattern of a place over time is called the climate. The climate of a region depends on where it is located on the earth's surface.
Log in. Meteorology and Weather. Climatology and Climate Changes. Study now. See Answer. Best Answer. Study guides. Global Warming 20 cards. What resources do you have today that affect the economy positively.
What prominent sea floor feature is found in the central Atlantic ocean. Why are fossils found were no ocean exist.
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Does Sydney Australia have a temperate climate zone. Geology 20 cards. Wind carrying sand grains deposits the sand when the wind. What are some jobs that have to do with weather. Wegener's continental drift hypothesis stated that all the continents once joined together to form. Which type of air mass originates in northern Canada.
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